Lathe and Mill: Crash Course

A lathe is a compound device that can be used for advanced cutting of a variety of metals and other materials. It is important to know the components of the machine, as shown below.

1. Ensure that you have the appropriate PPE and attire for the task and have completed your required training.
2. Take note of the location of the appropriate SDSs, machine manuals, fire extinguishers, eye wash stations, first-aid stations, emergency exits and fire alarms. Consult reference materials as needed.
3. Familiarize yourself with the rules posted specifically in the lab space.
4. Inspect the lathe, cutting tools and hand tools for damages. There should not be major cracks or deformations, and there should be no exposed or frayed wires. Report any deficiencies to the supervisor present.
5. Ensure that you are using the appropriate tool for the material and task. A tool will always perform best at the task it was designed for. Before using any new tool, you should receive specific directions on how to handle it and ensure it is correctly mounted in the machine. Drill bits and cutting tools should be kept clean and sharp.
6. Ensure machine guards are in place and properly oriented.
7. Ensure that the chuck key has been removed and is away from the rotating spindle.
8. Rotate the chuck at least one full rotation by hand to ensure safe rotation and clearance.
9. Clamp workpiece securely, using parallels and the vice as demonstrated. If you require assistance with the holding devices or work pieces, ask. Some may be heavy or awkward to handle.
10. Ensure surrounding work area is orderly and outside hazards are controlled.
11. Be mindful of the direction debris will be sent by your actions. Ensure others in the area are aware of your intended work.

1. Ensure that you know how to stop the machine before turning it on.
2. Remove all unnecessary items, including tooling, from the machining area. Keep your work surface clear of tools and materials throughout your use of the machine.
3. Energize the lathe by switching the spindle switch ON.
4. Use the carriage handwheel, cross-slide handwheel, compound handwheel and tailstock handwheel to guide the cutting tools such that the appropriate sequence of operations is performed.
5. If using a file for a lathe operation, use a left-hand stance to avoid contact with the rotating spindle.
6. If using emery cloth, use only a pulling motion. This is less hazardous in the event of an accidental tear.
7. When threading, use only as high a spindle speed as you feel comfortable with.
8. Maintain a safe distance from rotating parts and work holding devices. DO NOT attempt to stop the rotation of the lathe with your hands or attempt to touch any object that is still moving.
9. Never leave the lathe running unattended.
10. Turn the spindle switch OFF and wait for the tool to come to a stop naturally before adjusting or removing the workpiece, tooling or other equipment.
11. Watch for sharp and hot areas on the workpiece. Use care and allow time to cool before handling.
12. Beware of the spinning leadscrew under the lathe. It can catch nearby objects and become an entanglement hazard. Ensure all body parts and loose clothing are kept away from the leadscrew.
13. Ensure that the lathe is de-energized and the surrounding space is clean before leaving the area.

If something appears to be wrong, stop what you are doing. If you see someone else acting unsafe or incorrectly, tell them to stop and get the attention of the supervising technical staff.