To measure the temperature and humidity of the surrounding air we used the DHT11 sensor. This is a low-cost sensor commonly used for measuring temperature and humidity.
To measure the soil dryness, we are going to use capacitive soil moisture. This sensor measures soil moisture by detecting the capacitance of the soil (The voltage decrease as the soil moisture increases).
A relay is going to be used to turn on and off the pump by cutting the power going to the pump.
In this guide, we are going to use a Raspberry pi 3 B+/ 4 B+ microcomputer. This low-cost microcomputer will be used as the brain of the farm to get the data from the sensors and send them to the cloud through the internet. Moreover, It will receive some commands from the user through the IoT interface and send them those commands to actuators (e.g. a relay to turn the pump on/off).
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The Grove Base Hat connects to Raspberry pi to provide a Digital/Analog/I2C/PWM/UART port to meet all your needs.
We can water the plants using a water pump. This pump can be controlled through the relay when we turn the relay off, this will cut the power going to the pump so the irrigation system turns off. If we turn the relay on, this will connect the power to the pump and the irrigation system will be turned on.
